{"number":75,"title":"What is forbidden in the eighth Commandment?","part":null,"questions":[75],"paragraphs":[],"clauses":[],"items":[{"question":"What is forbidden in the eighth Commandment?","answer":"The eighth Commandment forbiddeth whatsoever doth, or may unjustly hinder our own, or our Neighbours wealth and outward estate.","segments":[{"text":"The eighth Commandment forbiddeth whatsoever doth, or may unjustly hinder our own, or our Neighbours wealth and outward estate.","proofs":[],"refs":[],"note":null}],"items":[{"question":"What is chiefly forbidden in this Commandment?","answer":"Theft, viz. The taking away of that which belongeth not to us.","segments":[{"text":"Theft, viz. The taking away of that which belongeth not to us.","proofs":[],"refs":[],"note":null}],"items":[]},{"question":"What are the kinds of Theff?","answer":"They are either Thefts committed in the Family, or out of the Family.","segments":[{"text":"They are either Thefts committed in the Family, or out of the Family.","proofs":[],"refs":[],"note":null}],"items":[]},{"question":"What are the Thefts committed in the Family?","answer":"They are the purloinings of Wife, Children and Servants.","segments":[{"text":"They are the purloinings of Wife, Children and Servants.","proofs":["Proverbs 31:11–12, 27","28:24","John 12:6","Titus 2:10","Philemon 11"],"refs":[{"printed":"Proverbs 31:11–12, 27","osis":["Prov.31.11-Prov.31.12","Prov.31.27"]},{"printed":"28:24","osis":["Prov.28.24"]},{"printed":"John 12:6","osis":["John.12.6"]},{"printed":"Titus 2:10","osis":["Titus.2.10"]},{"printed":"Philemon 11","osis":["Phlm.1.11"]}],"note":null}],"items":[]},{"question":"How is Theft that is committed out of the Family distinguished?","answer":"It is either of Goods, or of Persons. Of Goods, either common or sacred: and those either private or publick.","segments":[{"text":"It is either of Goods, or of Persons. Of Goods, either common or sacred: and those either private or publick.","proofs":[],"refs":[],"note":null}],"items":[]},{"question":"What is the Theft of Goods?","answer":"It is the fraudulent taking away of such Goods that belong not to us, without the knowledge and against the will of the owner.","segments":[{"text":"It is the fraudulent taking away of such Goods that belong not to us, without the knowledge and against the will of the owner.","proofs":[],"refs":[],"note":null}],"items":[]},{"question":"What is the Theft of Persons?","answer":"It is the Stealing of Men and Children by the Sons of Be ial, to sell them to Heathens for Slaves; and the stealing of mens Daughters by lustful, or covetous Wooers, to make them their Wives, which hainous sin was punished by the Law of God with Death, being so much worse than the theft of Goods, as the persons of men are better than they.","segments":[{"text":"It is the Stealing of Men and Children by the Sons of Be ial, to sell them to Heathens for Slaves;","proofs":["Exodus 21:16","Deuteronomy 24:7"],"refs":[{"printed":"Exodus 21:16","osis":["Exod.21.16"]},{"printed":"Deuteronomy 24:7","osis":["Deut.24.7"]}],"note":null},{"text":"and the stealing of mens Daughters by lustful, or covetous Wooers, to make them their Wives, which hainous sin was punished by the Law of God with Death, being so much worse than the theft of Goods, as the persons of men are better than they.","proofs":["Matthew 6:25","Revelation 18:13","Matthew 16:26"],"refs":[{"printed":"Matthew 6:25","osis":["Matt.6.25"]},{"printed":"Revelation 18:13","osis":["Rev.18.13"]},{"printed":"Matthew 16:26","osis":["Matt.16.26"]}],"note":null}],"items":[]},{"question":"How doth the theft of Goods common and Sacred differ?","answer":"The former is a purloining and imbezling of things common and temporary, the latter is of things spiritual, or of things consecrated to an holy and sacred use.","segments":[{"text":"The former is a purloining and imbezling of things common and temporary, the latter is of things spiritual, or of things consecrated to an holy and sacred use.","proofs":[],"refs":[],"note":null}],"items":[]},{"question":"What mean you by private Theft?","answer":"The fraudulent taking away of such Goods as belong to private men.","segments":[{"text":"The fraudulent taking away of such Goods as belong to private men.","proofs":[],"refs":[],"note":null}],"items":[]},{"question":"What by publick?","answer":"The stealing of those things which belong to the publick state or Body of the Common-wealth.","segments":[{"text":"The stealing of those things which belong to the publick state or Body of the Common-wealth.","proofs":[],"refs":[],"note":null}],"items":[]},{"question":"We have now spoken of Theft properly so called; what is the other kind which is more improper?","answer":"Rapine: which is the taking away of another Mans Goods openly by force and violence (the taking a thing secretly is properly called Theft.)","segments":[{"text":"Rapine: which is the taking away of another Mans Goods openly by force and violence (the taking a thing secretly is properly called Theft.)","proofs":[],"refs":[],"note":null}],"items":[]},{"question":"How is Rapine committed?","answer":"It is committed either under the pretext of authority and legal power, or else without it. The former whereof is worse than that which is properly called Theft, as being more publick, open and daring, and shall be more severely punished; because this sin is aggravated by the abuse of authority, and because commonly violence and cruelty is joyned with it.","segments":[{"text":"It is committed either under the pretext of authority and legal power, or else without it. The former whereof is worse than that which is properly called Theft, as being more publick, open and daring, and shall be more severely punished;","proofs":[],"refs":[],"note":null},{"text":"because this sin is aggravated by the abuse of authority, and because commonly violence and cruelty is joyned with it.","proofs":["Zephaniah 3:3","Ezekiel 22:27","Micah 3:2–3","Isaiah 3:14–15"],"refs":[{"printed":"Zephaniah 3:3","osis":["Zeph.3.3"]},{"printed":"Ezekiel 22:27","osis":["Ezek.22.27"]},{"printed":"Micah 3:2–3","osis":["Mic.3.2-Mic.3.3"]},{"printed":"Isaiah 3:14–15","osis":["Isa.3.14-Isa.3.15"]}],"note":null}],"items":[]},{"question":"What is this Rapine called?","answer":"Oppression and Extortion: when Ministers of State under colour of Law despoil or wring out money, or moneys worth from any man.","segments":[{"text":"Oppression and Extortion: when Ministers of State under colour of Law despoil or wring out money, or moneys worth from any man.","proofs":["1 Kings 21","Ezekiel 22:12"],"refs":[{"printed":"1 Kings 21","osis":["1Kgs.21"]},{"printed":"Ezekiel 22:12","osis":["Ezek.22.12"]}],"note":null}],"items":[]},{"question":"What is that Rapine which is committed without any pretext of authority?","answer":"It is either in War, or in Peace. In War, either by Land, when Souldiers being not content with their wages, do spoil and plunder, not only their enemies, but also their Friends, Deut. 2. 5, 6. Luk. 3. 14. Or by Sea, when as Pirats, they rob and spoil all they meet with and can master.","segments":[{"text":"It is either in War, or in Peace. In War, either by Land, when Souldiers being not content with their wages, do spoil and plunder, not only their enemies, but also their Friends, Deut. 2. 5, 6. Luk. 3. 14. Or by Sea, when as Pirats, they rob and spoil all they meet with and can master.","proofs":[],"refs":[],"note":null}],"items":[]},{"question":"What is that Rapine which is exercised on the Land?","answer":"It is either Robbery by the highway, (Luke 10. 30. Ioh. 18. 40.) or Burglary, when as they break open houses that they may rob the Inhabitants. Exod. 22. 2.","segments":[{"text":"It is either Robbery by the highway, (Luke 10. 30. Ioh. 18. 40.) or Burglary, when as they break open houses that they may rob the Inhabitants. Exod. 22. 2.","proofs":[],"refs":[],"note":null}],"items":[]},{"question":"Are there no other to be esteemed Thieves but those only who act theft themselves?","answer":"Yes; they also who are accessaries and do consent to the Theft of others And these Thefts are either common to all, or proper to Superiours. The former is committed before, with, or after the Theft.","segments":[{"text":"Yes; they also who are accessaries and do consent to the Theft of others And these Thefts are either common to all, or proper to Superiours. The former is committed before, with, or after the Theft.","proofs":[],"refs":[],"note":null}],"items":[]},{"question":"How is a man an accessary before the Theft?","answer":"When he counselleth or provoketh another unto it.","segments":[{"text":"When he counselleth or provoketh another unto it.","proofs":["1 Kings 21:7","Proverbs 1:11, 13–14"],"refs":[{"printed":"1 Kings 21:7","osis":["1Kgs.21.7"]},{"printed":"Proverbs 1:11, 13–14","osis":["Prov.1.11","Prov.1.13-Prov.1.14"]}],"note":null}],"items":[]},{"question":"How with or in the Theft?","answer":"Either when he aideth the Thief, or doth not hinder him, when it is in his power to do it.","segments":[{"text":"Either when he aideth the Thief, or doth not hinder him, when it is in his power to do it.","proofs":[],"refs":[],"note":null}],"items":[]},{"question":"How after the Theft?","answer":"1. When he receiveth and concealeth what is stoln; or hideth or keepeth the Thief from being apprehended. 2. When he partaketh with him in the stoln Goods.","segments":[{"text":"1. When he receiveth and concealeth what is stoln; or hideth or keepeth the Thief from being apprehended. 2. When he partaketh with him in the stoln Goods.","proofs":["Proverbs 29:24"],"refs":[{"printed":"Proverbs 29:24","osis":["Prov.29.24"]}],"note":null}],"items":[]},{"question":"How is this done?","answer":"1. When he taketh the Goods from the Thief, that he may keep them to himself. 2. When he knowingly buyeth stoln Goods, which ought to be restored to the owners. 3. When by silence he concealeth the Thief.","segments":[{"text":"1. When he taketh the Goods from the Thief, that he may keep them to himself. 2. When he knowingly buyeth stoln Goods, which ought to be restored to the owners. 3. When by silence he concealeth the Thief.","proofs":[],"refs":[],"note":null}],"items":[]},{"question":"How are the Superiours accessary?","answer":"When they do any waies incourage or do not punish them: especially when they do acquit them for a Bribe.","segments":[{"text":"When they do any waies incourage or do not punish them: especially when they do acquit them for a Bribe.","proofs":[],"refs":[],"note":null}],"items":[]},{"question":"Doth this Commandment also forbid us all cozenage, circumvention, and the Denial of Alms to the Poor?","answer":"Yes. Lev. 19 11, 13. 1 Thes. 4. 6. Luke 6. 30. 1 Ioh. 3. 17. Prov▪ 14. 21.","segments":[{"text":"Yes. Lev. 19 11, 13. 1 Thes. 4. 6. Luke 6. 30. 1 Ioh. 3. 17. Prov▪ 14. 21.","proofs":[],"refs":[],"note":null}],"items":[]},{"question":"And doth it forbid all waies and means▪ whereby either publickly or privately, by force or by fraud, we may acquire or detain from any what either by the rule of righteousness or Charity belongs unto them?","answer":"Yes, it doth.","segments":[{"text":"Yes, it doth.","proofs":["Leviticus 19:35","Deuteronomy 25:14","Romans 13:8","Matthew 5:44–46","Proverbs 14:21","Leviticus 19:9–10","Deuteronomy 24:19","Ecclesiastes 4:1","Luke 14:13"],"refs":[{"printed":"Leviticus 19:35","osis":["Lev.19.35"]},{"printed":"Deuteronomy 25:14","osis":["Deut.25.14"]},{"printed":"Romans 13:8","osis":["Rom.13.8"]},{"printed":"Matthew 5:44–46","osis":["Matt.5.44-Matt.5.46"]},{"printed":"Proverbs 14:21","osis":["Prov.14.21"]},{"printed":"Leviticus 19:9–10","osis":["Lev.19.9-Lev.19.10"]},{"printed":"Deuteronomy 24:19","osis":["Deut.24.19"]},{"printed":"Ecclesiastes 4:1","osis":["Eccl.4.1"]},{"printed":"Luke 14:13","osis":["Luke.14.13"]}],"note":null}],"items":[]},{"question":"How are these things forbidden in this Commandment?","answer":"As they do or may unjustly hinder our own, or our Neighbours wealth and outward estate.","segments":[{"text":"As they do or may unjustly hinder our own, or our Neighbours wealth and outward estate.","proofs":[],"refs":[],"note":null}],"items":[]},{"question":"May not men be Thieves as to themselves and their own wealth and outward estate?","answer":"Yes, they may be depriving themselves of those temporal blessings, which of natural right belong to them.","segments":[{"text":"Yes, they may be depriving themselves of those temporal blessings, which of natural right belong to them.","proofs":[],"refs":[],"note":null}],"items":[]},{"question":"How are men guilty of this kind of Theft?","answer":"1. By impoverishing vices, viz. Drunknness and Gluttony, and the accompanying of such vitious persons h, Idleness i, Covetousness k, and Uncleanness l. h Prov. 23. 20, 21. and 28. 19. i and 23. 21. and 18. 9. k and 11. 23. 〈◊〉 6. 26. 2. By the making and keeping of rash Vows (which oblige men to nothing but Repentance) viz. of Pilgrimaging, &c. which waste that outward estate God hath given such ignorant Zealots and Votaries for their comfortable subsistence in this world; and which might have been better improved to the relieving of the poor, for the furtherance of their own account in the other world. 3. By unnecessary sufferings.","segments":[{"text":"1. By impoverishing vices, viz. Drunknness and Gluttony, and the accompanying of such vitious persons h, Idleness i, Covetousness k, and Uncleanness l. h Prov. 23. 20, 21. and 28. 19. i and 23. 21. and 18. 9. k and 11. 23. 〈◊〉 6. 26. 2. By the making and keeping of rash Vows (which oblige men to nothing but Repentance) viz. of Pilgrimaging, &c. which waste that outward estate God hath given such ignorant Zealots and Votaries for their comfortable subsistence in this world;","proofs":["Proverbs 30:8","15:6"],"refs":[{"printed":"Proverbs 30:8","osis":["Prov.30.8"]},{"printed":"15:6","osis":["Prov.15.6"]}],"note":null},{"text":"and which might have been better improved to the relieving of the poor, for the furtherance of their own account in the other world.","proofs":["Proverbs 19:17","Matthew 25:34–41","1 Timothy 6:18","Hebrews 13:16","Galatians 6:10","1 Corinthians 16:2","1 Timothy 3:2"],"refs":[{"printed":"Proverbs 19:17","osis":["Prov.19.17"]},{"printed":"Matthew 25:34–41","osis":["Matt.25.34-Matt.25.41"]},{"printed":"1 Timothy 6:18","osis":["1Tim.6.18"]},{"printed":"Hebrews 13:16","osis":["Heb.13.16"]},{"printed":"Galatians 6:10","osis":["Gal.6.10"]},{"printed":"1 Corinthians 16:2","osis":["1Cor.16.2"]},{"printed":"1 Timothy 3:2","osis":["1Tim.3.2"]}],"note":null},{"text":"3. By unnecessary sufferings.","proofs":[],"refs":[],"note":null}],"items":[]},{"question":"What mean you by unnecessary sufferings?","answer":"1. Those that were not unavoidable; but might be flight or other lawful means have been well enough declined or escaped. Mat. 10. 23. 2. Those that men suffer for their faults, viz. Heresies, Seditions and Schisms; or for damnable Doctrines, and Bandyings into Parties destructive to all Government in Church and State.","segments":[{"text":"1. Those that were not unavoidable; but might be flight or other lawful means have been well enough declined or escaped. Mat. 10. 23. 2. Those that men suffer for their faults, viz. Heresies, Seditions and Schisms; or for damnable Doctrines, and Bandyings into Parties destructive to all Government in Church and State.","proofs":[],"refs":[],"note":null}],"items":[]},{"question":"But do not the holy Scriptures make an honourable mention of those that took joyfully the spoiling of their Goods, that chose to suffer afflictions with the people of God, and esteemed the reproach of Christ more than all the pleasures, advantages, and treasures in the world?","answer":"Yes. Heb. 10. 34. and 11. 24, 25, 26.","segments":[{"text":"Yes. Heb. 10. 34. and 11. 24, 25, 26.","proofs":[],"refs":[],"note":null}],"items":[]},{"question":"And ought we not to forsake Houses and Lands, and all we have for the sake of Christ?","answer":"Yes, or else we cannot be Christs Disciples.","segments":[{"text":"Yes, or else we cannot be Christs Disciples.","proofs":["Luke 14:33"],"refs":[{"printed":"Luke 14:33","osis":["Luke.14.33"]}],"note":null}],"items":[]},{"question":"But shall we not be greatly losers hereby?","answer":"We shall be so far from being losers by it, that we shall in this very life by that means be abundantly more richly provided for in the same proportion that they are which in the Harvest have the most plentiful returns to their seed and pains-taking; and in the world to come they shall inherit everlasting life.","segments":[{"text":"We shall be so far from being losers by it, that we shall in this very life by that means be abundantly more richly provided for in the same proportion that they are which in the Harvest have the most plentiful returns to their seed and pains-taking; and in the world to come they shall inherit everlasting life.","proofs":["Matthew 19:29","Mark 10:29–30"],"refs":[{"printed":"Matthew 19:29","osis":["Matt.19.29"]},{"printed":"Mark 10:29–30","osis":["Mark.10.29-Mark.10.30"]}],"note":null}],"items":[]}]}],"text":null}