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An Explicatory Catechism

Question 83

On Westminster Shorter Catechism (1647) Q. 83

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Are all transgressions of the Law equally hainous?

Some sins in themselves, and by reason of several aggravations are more hainous in the sight of God than others.

Are some sins more hainous in the sight of God than others?

Yes.

What do you mean by more hainous?

More grievous, and more offensive.

How many waies may some sins be more grievous and hainous than others?

Two waies; 1. In themselves and of their own nature. 2. By reason of their aggravations.

What do you mean by the aggravations of sins?

Such additional circumstances which make them more provoking in the sight of God than otherwise they would be.

And are some sins in themselves, or of their own nature more hainous than others?

Yes. 1. The highest sins against the first Table are more hainous than the highest against the second Table.a And, 2. Wilfull presumptuous sins are more hainous than sins of infirmity,b sins against knowledge than those of ignorance,c sins ripened into action, than sins begun in the thoughts,d and sins of custom and deliberation, than those committed through some sudden passion and iustant force of temptation.e

And are sins likewise by reason of their several aggravations more hainous in the sight of God than otherwise they would be?

Yes, sins are more hainous than otherwise they would be by their aggravating heightening circumstances, viz. from the timef when, the place where,g the mannerh in which, the meansi by which, the reasonj why, the person by whom,k and the person against whom they were committed.l

Proofs

Each links to the Scripture index: what else cites the passage.

  1. aMatthew 22:36; 1 Samuel 8:7–8; 2:25
  2. bHebrews 10:26; 1 Timothy 1:13; Psalm 19:12–13
  3. cLuke 12:47–48
  4. dJames 1:15; Matthew 21:28; Genesis 20:3
  5. e1 Samuel 2:12–13, 17; 2 Samuel 6:6–7; Proverbs 7:5; Genesis 34:1
  6. f2 Chronicles 28:22
  7. gIsaiah 26:10; Psalm 106:7
  8. h1 Kings 21:9–10; 2 Samuel 3:27
  9. iDaniel 8:24–25; Judges 9:4–5; 2 Kings 8:15; 2 Chronicles 13:6, 8; 1 Kings 12:28
  10. jHosea 5:1; Psalm 37:7–8
  11. k2 Samuel 12:7–9; Ezekiel 8:11–12; Micah 3:5; Romans 2:23–25
  12. l2 Samuel 16:22; 1:14; 4:9; 2 Chronicles 36:16

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An Explicatory Catechism (1675) on Q. 83, symbolics.dev/explicatory1675/83

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